7.8.9: Review Questions
- Page ID
- 98268
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Why are open circulatory systems advantageous to some animals?
- They use less metabolic energy.
- They help the animal move faster.
- They do not need a heart.
- They help large insects develop.
Some animals use diffusion instead of a circulatory system. Examples include:
- birds and jellyfish
- flatworms and arthropods
- mollusks and jellyfish
- none of the above
Blood flow that is directed through the lungs and back to the heart is called ________.
- unidirectional circulation
- gill circulation
- pulmonary circulation
- pulmocutaneous circulation
White blood cells:
- can be classified as granulocytes or agranulocytes
- defend the body against bacteria and viruses
- are also called leucocytes
- all of the above
Platelet plug formation occurs at which point?
- when large megakaryocytes break up into thousands of smaller fragments
- when platelets are dispersed through the bloodstream
- when platelets are attracted to a site of blood vessel damage
- none of the above
In humans, the plasma comprises what percentage of the blood?
- 45 percent
- 55 percent
- 25 percent
- 90 percent
The red blood cells of birds differ from mammalian red blood cells because:
- they are white and have nuclei
- they do not have nuclei
- they have nuclei
- they fight disease
The heart’s internal pacemaker beats by:
- an internal implant that sends an electrical impulse through the heart
- the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node followed by the atrioventricular node
- the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node
- the action of the sinus
During the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, the heart is ________.
- contracting
- relaxing
- contracting and relaxing
- filling with blood
Cardiomyocytes are similar to skeletal muscle because:
- they beat involuntarily
- they are used for weight lifting
- they pulse rhythmically
- they are striated
How do arteries differ from veins?
- Arteries have thicker smooth muscle layers to accommodate the changes in pressure from the heart.
- Arteries carry blood.
- Arteries have thinner smooth muscle layers and valves and move blood by the action of skeletal muscle.
- Arteries are thin walled and are used for gas exchange.
High blood pressure would be a result of ________.
- a high cardiac output and high peripheral resistance
- a high cardiac output and low peripheral resistance
- a low cardiac output and high peripheral resistance
- a low cardiac output and low peripheral resistance