2.1.11: Review Questions
- Page ID
- 98056
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)When viewing a specimen through a light microscope, scientists use ________ to distinguish the individual components of cells.
- a beam of electrons
- radioactive isotopes
- special stains
- high temperatures
The ________ is the basic unit of life.
- organism
- cell
- tissue
- organ
Prokaryotes depend on ________ to obtain some materials and to get rid of wastes.
- ribosomes
- flagella
- cell division
- diffusion
Bacteria that lack fimbriae are less likely to ________.
- adhere to cell surfaces
- swim through bodily fluids
- synthesize proteins
- retain the ability to divide
Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote?
- amoeba
- influenza A virus
- charophyte algae
- E. coli
Which of the following is surrounded by two phospholipid bilayers?
- the ribosomes
- the vesicles
- the cytoplasm
- the nucleoplasm
Peroxisomes got their name because hydrogen peroxide is:
- used in their detoxification reactions
- produced during their oxidation reactions
- incorporated into their membranes
- a cofactor for the organelles’ enzymes
In plant cells, the function of the lysosomes is carried out by __________.
- vacuoles
- peroxisomes
- ribosomes
- nuclei
Which of the following is both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
- nucleus
- mitochondrion
- vacuole
- ribosomes
Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that results in the destruction of neurons due to a buildup of sphingolipids in the cells. Which organelle is malfunctioning in Tay-Sachs?
- lysosome
- endoplasmic reticulum
- peroxisome
- mitochondria
Which of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system?
- mitochondrion
- Golgi apparatus
- endoplasmic reticulum
- lysosome
The process by which a cell engulfs a foreign particle is known as:
- endosymbiosis
- phagocytosis
- hydrolysis
- membrane synthesis
Which of the following is most likely to have the greatest concentration of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
- a cell that secretes enzymes
- a cell that destroys pathogens
- a cell that makes steroid hormones
- a cell that engages in photosynthesis
Which of the following sequences correctly lists in order the steps involved in the incorporation of a proteinaceous molecule within a cell?
- protein synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the Golgi apparatus; packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum; tagging in the vesicle
- synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; tagging in the Golgi; packaging in the vesicle; distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum
- synthesis of the protein on the ribosome; modification in the endoplasmic reticulum; tagging in the Golgi; distribution via the vesicle
- synthesis of the protein on the lysosome; packaging in the vesicle; distribution via the Golgi; tagging in the endoplasmic reticulum
Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a growing class of rare diseases. Which organelle would be most commonly involved in the glycoprotein disorder portion of the group?
- RER
- ribosomes
- endosomes
- Golgi apparatus
Which of the following have the ability to disassemble and reform quickly?
- microfilaments and intermediate filaments
- microfilaments and microtubules
- intermediate filaments and microtubules
- only intermediate filaments
Which of the following do not play a role in intracellular movement?
- microfilaments and intermediate filaments
- microfilaments and microtubules
- intermediate filaments and microtubules
- only intermediate filaments
In humans, _____ are used to move a cell within its environment while _____ are used to move the environment relative to the cell.
- cilia, pseudopodia
- flagella; cilia
- microtubules; flagella
- microfilaments; microtubules
Which of the following are only in plant cells?
- gap junctions
- desmosomes
- plasmodesmata
- tight junctions
The key components of desmosomes are cadherins and __________.
- actin
- microfilaments
- intermediate filaments
- microtubules
Diseased animal cells may produce molecules that activate death cascades to kill the cells in a controlled manner. Why would neighboring healthy cells also die?
- The death molecule is passed through desmosomes.
- The death molecule is passed through plasmodesmata.
- The death molecule disrupts the extracellular matrix.
- The death molecule passes through gap junctions.