1.3.10: Review Questions
- Page ID
- 98050
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Dehydration synthesis leads to formation of
- monomers
- polymers
- water and polymers
- none of the above
During the breakdown of polymers, which of the following reactions takes place?
- hydrolysis
- dehydration
- condensation
- covalent bond
The following chemical reactants produce the ester ethyl ethanoate (C4H8O2):
C2H6O + CH3COOH
What type of reaction occurs to make ethyl ethanoate?
- condensation
- hydrolysis
- combustion
- acid-base reaction
An example of a monosaccharide is ________.
- fructose
- glucose
- galactose
- all of the above
Cellulose and starch are examples of:
- monosaccharides
- disaccharides
- lipids
- polysaccharides
Plant cell walls contain which of the following in abundance?
- starch
- cellulose
- glycogen
- lactose
Lactose is a disaccharide formed by the formation of a ________ bond between glucose and ________.
- glycosidic; lactose
- glycosidic; galactose
- hydrogen; sucrose
- hydrogen; fructose
Which of the following is not an extracellular matrix role of carbohydrates?
- protect an insect’s internal organs from external trauma
- prevent plant cells from lysing after the plant is watered
- maintain the shape of a fungal spore
- provide energy for muscle movement
Saturated fats have all of the following characteristics except:
- they are solid at room temperature
- they have single bonds within the carbon chain
- they are usually obtained from animal sources
- they tend to dissolve in water easily
Phospholipids are important components of ________.
- the plasma membrane of cells
- the ring structure of steroids
- the waxy covering on leaves
- the double bond in hydrocarbon chains
Cholesterol is an integral part of plasma membranes. Based on its structure, where is it found in the membrane?
- on the extracellular surface
- embedded with the phospholipid heads
- within the tail bilayer
- attached to the intracellular surface
The monomers that make up proteins are called ________.
- nucleotides
- disaccharides
- amino acids
- chaperones
The α-helix and the β-pleated sheet are part of which protein structure?
- primary
- secondary
- tertiary
- quaternary
Mad cow disease is an infectious disease where one misfolded protein causes all other copies of the protein to begin misfolding. This is an example of a disease impacting ____ structure.
- primary
- secondary
- tertiary
- quaternary
A nucleotide of DNA may contain ________.
- ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
- deoxyribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
- deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
- ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
The building blocks of nucleic acids are ________.
- sugars
- nitrogenous bases
- peptides
- nucleotides
How does the double helix structure of DNA support its role in encoding the genome?
- The sugar-phosphate backbone provides a template for DNA replication.
- tRNA pairing with the template strand creates proteins encoded by the genome.
- Complementary base pairing creates a very stable structure.
- Complementary base pairing allows for easy editing of both strands of DNA.