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25.E: Seedless Plants (Exercises)

  • Page ID
    71631
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    25.1: Early Plant Life

    Review Questions

    The land plants are probably descendants of which of these groups?

    1. green algae
    2. red algae
    3. brown algae
    4. angiosperms
    Answer

    A

    Alternation of generations means that plants produce:

    1. only haploid multicellular organisms
    2. only diploid multicellular organisms
    3. only diploid multicellular organisms with single-celled haploid gametes
    4. both haploid and diploid multicellular organisms
    Answer

    D

    Which of the following traits of land plants allows them to grow in height?

    1. alternation of generations
    2. waxy cuticle
    3. tracheids
    4. sporopollenin
    Answer

    C

    Free Response

    Why did land plants lose some of the accessory pigments present in brown and red algae?

    Answer

    Sunlight is not filtered by water or other algae on land; therefore, there is no need to collect light at additional wavelengths made available by other pigment coloration.

    What is the difference between extant and extinct?

    Answer

    Paleobotanists distinguish between extinct species, which no longer live, and extant species, which are still living.

    25.2: Green Algae - Precursors of Land Plants

    Review Questions

    What characteristic of Charales would enable them to survive a dry spell?

    1. sperm with flagella
    2. phragmoplasts
    3. sporopollenin
    4. chlorophyll a
    Answer

    C

    Which one of these characteristics is present in land plants and not in Charales?

    1. alternation of generations
    2. flagellated sperm
    3. phragmoplasts
    4. plasmodesmata
    Answer

    A

    Free Response

    To an alga, what is the main advantage of producing drought-resistant structures?

    Answer

    It allows for survival through periodic droughts and colonization of environments where the supply of water fluctuates.

    25.3: Bryophytes

    Review Questions

    Which of the following structures is not found in bryophytes?

    1. a cellulose cell wall
    2. chloroplast
    3. sporangium
    4. root
    Answer

    D

    Stomata appear in which group of plants?

    1. Charales
    2. liverworts
    3. hornworts
    4. mosses
    Answer

    C

    The chromosome complement in a moss protonema is:

    1. 1n
    2. 2n
    3. 3n
    4. varies with the size of the protonema
    Answer

    A

    Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra?

    1. They grow better at cold temperatures.
    2. They do not require moisture.
    3. They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces.
    4. There are no herbivores in the tundra.
    Answer

    C

    Free Response

    In areas where it rains often, mosses grow on roofs. How do mosses survive on roofs without soil?

    Answer

    Mosses absorb water and nutrients carried by the rain and do not need soil because they do not derive much nutrition from the soil.

    What are the three classes of bryophytes?

    Answer

    The bryophytes are divided into three phyla: the liverworts or Hepaticophyta, the hornworts or Anthocerotophyta, and the mosses or true Bryophyta.

    25.4: Seedless Vascular Plants

    Review Questions

    Microphylls are characteristic of which types of plants?

    1. mosses
    2. liverworts
    3. club mosses
    4. ferns
    Answer

    C

    A plant in the understory of a forest displays a segmented stem and slender leaves arranged in a whorl. It is probably a ________.

    1. club moss
    2. whisk fern
    3. fern
    4. horsetail
    Answer

    D

    The following structures are found on the underside of fern leaves and contain sporangia:

    1. sori
    2. rhizomes
    3. megaphylls
    4. microphylls
    Answer

    A

    The dominant organism in fern is the ________.

    1. sperm
    2. spore
    3. gamete
    4. sporophyte
    Answer

    D

    What seedless plant is a renewable source of energy?

    1. club moss
    2. horsetail
    3. sphagnum moss
    4. fern
    Answer

    C

    How do mosses contribute to returning nitrogen to the soil?

    1. Mosses fix nitrogen from the air.
    2. Mosses harbor cyanobacteria that fix nitrogen.
    3. Mosses die and return nitrogen to the soil.
    4. Mosses decompose rocks and release nitrogen.
    Answer

    D

    Free Response

    How did the development of a vascular system contribute to the increase in size of plants?

    Answer

    Plants became able to transport water and nutrients and not be limited by rates of diffusion. Vascularization allowed the development of leaves, which increased efficiency of photosynthesis and provided more energy for plant growth.

    Which plant is considered the most advanced seedless vascular plant and why?

    Answer

    Ferns are considered the most advanced seedless vascular plants, because they display characteristics commonly observed in seed plants—they form large leaves and branching roots.


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