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13.E: Modern Understandings of Inheritance (Exercises)

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    13.1: Chromosomal Theory and Genetic Linkage

    Review Questions

    X-linked recessive traits in humans (or in Drosophila) are observed ________.

    1. in more males than females
    2. in more females than males
    3. in males and females equally
    4. in different distributions depending on the trait
    Answer

    A

    The first suggestion that chromosomes may physically exchange segments came from the microscopic identification of ________.

    1. synapsis
    2. sister chromatids
    3. chiasmata
    4. alleles
    Answer

    C

    Which recombination frequency corresponds to independent assortment and the absence of linkage?

    1. 0
    2. 0.25
    3. 0.50
    4. 0.75
    Answer

    C

    Which recombination frequency corresponds to perfect linkage and violates the law of independent assortment?

    1. 0
    2. 0.25
    3. 0.50
    4. 0.75
    Answer

    A

    Free Response

    Explain how the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance helped to advance our understanding of genetics.

    Answer

    The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance proposed that genes reside on chromosomes. The understanding that chromosomes are linear arrays of genes explained linkage, and crossing over explained recombination.

    13.2: Chromosomal Basis of Inherited Disorders

    Review Questions

    Which of the following codes describes position 12 on the long arm of chromosome 13?

    1. 13p12
    2. 13q12
    3. 12p13
    4. 12q13
    Answer

    B

    In agriculture, polyploid crops (like coffee, strawberries, or bananas) tend to produce ________.

    1. more uniformity
    2. more variety
    3. larger yields
    4. smaller yields
    Answer

    C

    Assume a pericentric inversion occurred in one of two homologs prior to meiosis. The other homolog remains normal. During meiosis, what structure—if any—would these homologs assume in order to pair accurately along their lengths?

    1. V formation
    2. cruciform
    3. loop
    4. pairing would not be possible
    Answer

    C

    The genotype XXY corresponds to

    1. Klinefelter syndrome
    2. Turner syndrome
    3. Triplo-X
    4. Jacob syndrome
    Answer

    A

    Abnormalities in the number of X chromosomes tends to have milder phenotypic effects than the same abnormalities in autosomes because of ________.

    1. deletions
    2. nonhomologous recombination
    3. synapsis
    4. X inactivation
    Answer

    D

    By definition, a pericentric inversion includes the ________.

    1. centromere
    2. chiasma
    3. telomere
    4. synapse
    Answer

    A

    Free Response

    Using diagrams, illustrate how nondisjunction can result in an aneuploid zygote.

    Answer

    Exact diagram style will vary; diagram should look like Figure 13.2.2.

    This page titled 13.E: Modern Understandings of Inheritance (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax.

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